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KMID : 0364820170530030193
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Korean Journal of Microbiology
2017 Volume.53 No. 3 p.193 ~ p.199
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Antimicrobial efficacy of endophytic Penicillium purpurogenum ED76 against clinical pathogens and its possible mode of action
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Yenn Tong-Woei
Ibrahim Darah
Chang Lee Kok
Rashid Syarifah Ab
Ring Leong Chean
Nee Tan Wen
Noor Muhamad Izham bin Muhamad
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Abstract
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This study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Penicillium purpurogenum ED76 on several clinically important microorganisms. The endophytic fungus P. purpurogenum ED76 was previously isolated from Swietenia macrophylla leaf. The antimicrobial efficacy of P. purpurogenum ED76 dichloromethane extract was determined via disc diffusion and broth microdilution assay. A kill curve study was conducted and the morphology of extract treated bacterial cells were viewed under scanning electron microscope. The dichloromethane extract showed significant inhibitory activity on 4 test bacteria and 2 test yeasts. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the extract ranged from 125 to 1,000 μg/ml, which indicates the different susceptibility levels of the test microorganisms to the fungal extract. The kill curve study has revealed a concentration-dependent inhibition for all test microorganisms. With the increase of the extract concentration, the microbial growth was significantly reduced. The scanning electron micrograph of dichloromethane extracttreated Staphylococcus aureus cells showed the total damage of the cells. The cell wall invagination of the bacterial cells also indicates the loss of cellular materials and metabolic activity. The gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of the extract also showed that the major compound was stigmasterol, which constitutes 45.30% of the total area. The dichloromethane extract of P. purpurogenum ED76 exhibited significant inhibitory activity on several clinically important bacteria and yeasts. The study proposed a possible mode of action that the extract cause significant damage to the morphology of S. aureus cells.
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KEYWORD
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Penicillium purpurogenum, Swietenia macrophylla, antimicrobial activity, endophyte
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